36 lines
702 B
Python
36 lines
702 B
Python
import math
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from typing import Dict
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def factorial(n: int) -> int:
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"""
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n! = 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * ... * n
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1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, ...
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"""
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return math.factorial(n)
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def fibonacci(n: int, cache: Dict[int, int] = None) -> int:
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"""
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F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2) with F(0) = 0 and F(1) = 1
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0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, ...
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"""
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if n < 2:
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return n
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if cache is None:
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cache = {}
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if n not in cache:
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cache[n] = fibonacci(n - 1, cache) + fibonacci(n - 2, cache)
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return cache[n]
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def triangular(n: int) -> int:
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"""
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a(n) = binomial(n+1,2) = n*(n+1)/2 = 0 + 1 + 2 + ... + n
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0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ...
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"""
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return n * (n + 1) // 2
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